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Rezső Nyers (:ˈrɛʒøː ɲɛrʃ) (born 21 March 1923) is a former Hungarian politician who served as Minister of Finance of Hungary from 1960 to 1962. For a few months in 1989, he was the country's last Communist leader. ==Political career== Until 1944 he worked as a printer. He joined the Social Democratic Party in 1940. After the unification of the SZDP and the MDP he served as substitute member of the party's Central Leadership. He became representative of the National Assembly of Hungary in 1948 (until 1953). He was appointed head of a department of the Ministry of Domestic Commerce. In this same year he started his studies at the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences, beside this he was a student at the Kossuth Academy from 1954. In 1954 he was elected member of the Central Leadership. During the András Hegedüs cabinet he served as Minister of Food Industry for a short time. He was member of the MSZMP's Central Committee from 1957 to 1989 and of the National Assembly from 1958 to 1989. After the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Nyers also voted in favour of the death sentence for Imre Nagy. In 1968, Nyers drew up the contemporary economic reform package, the New Economic Mechanism, with Prime Minister Jenő Fock. After the failure of the reforms (because of the orthodox Marxists' strengthening), he largely went into eclipse. Nyers was appointed to the directorial post of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences' Economical Institute in 1974. As a result he resigned from all of his political positions (excluding the MSZMP Central Committee). He became chairman of the ''Közgazdasági Szemles Editorial Committee in 1976. Reform movements gained ground inside the party, thus Nyers returned to prominence as part of a younger leadership. He served as chairman of the National Assembly's Reform Committee from 1987. In 1987 he became a member of the government as Minister of State. By this time, he had become one of the leaders of the MSZMP's radical reform wing, who favoured establishing a full-fledged market economy. In the summer of 1988, Secretary-General Károly Grósz announced he intends to resign from his position of Prime Minister to concentrate entirely on the party organization. Unlike the previous practice, he nominated four candidates, including Nyers, to the position to consult with county party committees, trade unions and the Patriotic People’s Front. As Grósz was aware of the disastrous economic situation and impending insolvency, Miklós Németh's name also incurred who has established his reputation with his economic expertise. Finally the elderly Nyers withdrew from candidature in favour of Németh, who took the oath on 24 November 1988. On 26 June 1989, he was appointed as chairman of a four-member collective presidency of the MSZMP. Nyers was elected by about 78-80 percent of the 1,256 delegates to the party congress to the party leadership. In this position, Nyers outranked General Secretary Károly Grósz—thus effectively making him the leader of Hungary. At its final congress on 7 October 1989, the MSZMP disbanded, and was reformed as the Hungarian Socialist Party, with Nyers as its first chairman. He was elected to parliament in the 1990 parliamentary election, in which the newly-minted Socialists were severely defeated, winning only 33 seats. Nyers stepped down as chairman shortly afterward, succeeded by Gyula Horn. He remained in parliament until his retirement from politics in 1998. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rezső Nyers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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